Department of Fisheries, Lakshadweep

The Directorate of Fisheries Lakshadweep took its origin in 1959 as a small organisation headed by a Fisheries Officer and assisted by a couple of fisheries inspectors, making a significant turn in the history of fisheries development in the islands. The exploitation and proper management of fisheries resources to improve the economic condition of local inhabitants was the primary objective. Geographically scattered nature and remoteness of the islands turned out to be real hurdles in the implementation of fishery development schemes. During the sixtees, fishing had been by primitive methods of harpooning, confined to the lagoon and reef areas. Tuna was not caught in any island except Minicoy and the fish catch was insufficient even for domestic consumption. Inhabitants were illiterate and with poor socio-economic set up

Status and programmes of marine fisheries development and management in Lakshadweep

Tuna and tuna like fishes of Indian seas which remain largely underexploited at present, held the greatest promise for development of fishing Industry In India. The percentage composition of total tunas in the all India marine fish production ranged from 0.3 In 1970 to 1.36 In 1984-85. Lakshadweep a group of coral Islands in the Arabian Sea has got the distinction of being the only region In India where an organised fishery for tuna has been established In the small scale mechanised sector. Lakshadweep waters consisting of 20000 sq.kms. of territorial waters and 400000 sq.kms. of exclusive economic zone is potentially rich for tuna and shark. It is estimated that Lakshadweep waters support of fishable stock of 50000 tonnes of skipjack, 50000 tonnes of deep water tuna and allied species and 1 lakh tonnes of shark. Against this the present exploitation is 4807 tonnes of tuna In 1986 forming 87% of its total marine fish catch and around 16% of the total tuna catch of India. The principal gear employed is pole and line. Troll lines and hand lines form subsidiary gears

A study of the impact of western culture on Hinduism

https://place.asburyseminary.edu/ecommonsatsdissertations/1967/thumbnail.jp

Present status of tuna fisheries of Lakshadweep

The tuna catch of the mainland coast of India is chiefly contributed by incidental catches where as in Lakshadweep the effort is specifically directed on tunas. Pole and line and troll line are the principal gears employed for capture. Hand lines and drift gillnets are also rarely used. Agatti, Bitra, Suheli and Minicoy are the major pole and line fishing centres which together contribute 75% of the total tuna catc

Classification techniques for remotely sensed data

Hyperspectral imaging sensors measure the radiance of the materials within each pixel area at a very large number of contiguous spectral wavelength bands. So, they can generate hundreds of images of a scene on the real surface. The radiance is converted into hyperspectral data cube digital form. The spectral information available in a hyperspectral image (cube) may serve to classify the nature of the target object because every material had a unique fixed spectrum and could be used as a spectral signature of the material and perhaps provide additional information for further processing and exploitation. Hyperspectral data contain extremely rich spectral attributes, which offer the potential to discriminate more detailed classes with classification accuracy

Modeling Trip-generation and Distribution using Census, Partially Correct Household Data, and GIS

The efficiencies of urban transport systems in several cities are drastically affected due to difficulties imposed by rapid urbanization and the proliferation of private modes of transport. The conventional four-stage travel demand modeling approach provides an ideal platform to formulate strategies to rectify problems in urban transport. Trip generation is the first stage in this exercise (where trip production and trip attractions are modelled), followed by trip distribution in the second stage. The present work related to the development of models for trip generation and trip distribution necessitated the use of census data related to the number of households in each zone since the available revealed preference (RP) data compiled based on household interview surveys was partially incorrect. A review of the literature indicated that studies on the use of sparsely available and partially inaccurate data such as revealed preference and zone-specific secondary data on trip generation and trip distribution were limited. In the present study, the use of the initial trip generation regression models developed based on existing household survey data resulted in prediction errors ranging between 26% and 32%. Modeling efforts after applying corrections to zone-specific characteristics based on secondary data and the use of trip rate per household later resulted in prediction errors of less than ±5%. In the latter phase of work related to trip distribution modeling, a log-linear regression model was developed based on a smaller refined set of the revealed preference data obtained by eliminating erroneous data in a stage-wise manner. The use of the calibrated and validated model ensured that the errors in predicted trip frequencies were less than 0.6%. Here, the information on the inter-zonal aerial distances that formed part of the trip distribution model was obtained using GIS approaches that employed the moment area method, which considered the intensity of land use at the sub-zone level. The combined strategy incorporates the use of GIS-based approaches to determine inter-zonal aerial distances, and the use of the refined relationship between trip interchanges and the inter-zonal aerial distances in the development of a reliable log-linear regression model for trip distribution contributed towards attaining higher accuracies in travel demand estimation. The modeling approaches described herein do not rely on the use of sophisticated technology, and time-consuming data processing. The study will provide the basic framework for transport planners to formulate better strategies for travel demand modeling where available data is noisy and less reliable. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-09-013 Full Text: PD

Symmetrical Routes and Reverse Path Congestion Control

We describe new mechanisms to deal with asymmetries that arise in routing protocols. We show how to avoid route asymmetries (due to non-unique shortest paths) by adding random integer link costs. We show in detail how RIP can be modified to avoid route asymmetry with high probability, without affecting either its efficiency or performance metrics such as convergence time. Symmetrical intra-domain routing also makes possible a new form of congestion control that we call Reverse Path Congestion Control (RPCC). We show, using simulations, that RPCC can augment existing TCP congestion control mechanisms to improve start up behavior and to avoid losses at the boundary between domains and the backbone